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Compare Coral Sea Islands (2004) - Saint Helena (2004)

Compare Coral Sea Islands (2004) z Saint Helena (2004)

 Coral Sea Islands (2004)Saint Helena (2004)
 Coral Sea IslandsSaint Helena
Administrative divisions - 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure - 0-14 years: 18.9% (male 710; female 689)


15-64 years: 71.4% (male 2,739; female 2,559)


65 years and over: 9.7% (male 319; female 399) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports - 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: less than 3 sq km


land: less than 3 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes numerous small islands and reefs scattered over a sea area of about 780,000 sq km, with the Willis Islets the most important
total: 410 sq km


land: 410 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands
Area - comparative NA slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background Scattered over some 1 million square kilometers of ocean, the Coral Sea Islands were declared a territory of Australia in 1969. They are uninhabited except for a small meteorological staff on the Willis Islets. Automated weather stations, beacons, and a lighthouse occupy many other islands and reefs. Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.
Birth rate - 12.68 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $11.2 million


expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)
Capital - Jamestown
Climate tropical Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline 3,095 km 60 km
Constitution - 1 January 1989
Country name conventional long form: Coral Sea Islands Territory


conventional short form: Coral Sea Islands
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Helena
Currency - Saint Helenian pound (SHP)
Death rate - 6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - NA (1996)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview no economic activity The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption - 4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 5 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Cato Island 6 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m
Environment - current issues no permanent fresh water resources NA
Ethnic groups - African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates - Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998),
Executive branch administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since 1999); Michael CLANCY (taking office in October 2004)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners - US 26.7%, Tanzania 21.9%, Indonesia 9.4%, UK 8.7%, Japan 7.4%, Netherlands 7.2%, Nigeria 6.8%, Poland 5%, Spain 4.9% (2003)
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP - purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA
Geographic coordinates 18 00 S, 152 00 E 15 56 S, 5 42 W
Geography - note important nesting area for birds and turtles harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns
Highways - total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km)


paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km)


unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners - UK 29.1%, South Africa 24.7%, Spain 16.4%, Italy 8.8%, Tanzania 8.2%, US 5.8% (2003)
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries - construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing
Infant mortality rate - total: 19.85 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 23.7 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 15.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation - ICFTU, UPU
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court
Labor force - 3,500


note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (mostly grass or scrub cover) (2001)
arable land: 12.9%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 87.1% (2001)
Languages - English
Legal system the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply NA
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 77.57 years


male: 74.67 years


female: 80.61 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 20 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 98% (1987 est.)
Location Oceania, islands in the Coral Sea, northeast of Australia islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa
Map references Oceania Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - none
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday - Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality - noun: Saint Helenian(s)


adjective: Saint Helenian
Natural hazards occasional tropical cyclones active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha
Natural resources NEGL fish
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders - none
Political pressure groups and leaders - none
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: there is a staff of three to four at the meteorological station (2004 est.)
7,415 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 0.62% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions - Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - NA years of age
Telephone system - general assessment: can communicate worldwide


domestic: automatic network


international: country code - 290; HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension Island, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 2,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 0


note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002)
Terrain sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays) Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains


note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin
Total fertility rate - 1.54 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 14% (1998 est.)
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